In December 1775, Continental Army General George Washington was informed that the British had been stockpiling weaponry, ammunition and other materials in St Augustine.

In January 1776 the Continental Congress authorized the southern colonies to attack St Augustine and capture it in order to safeguard the Patriot cause. Additionally, capturing St Augustine would give the Continental Army control of the Castillo de Marcos and the ability to directly fight any invading British Army coming from the West Indies.

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